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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- J. TURNER. FILE CUTTING MACHINE.

No. 587,885. Patented .Aug. 10,1897.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. J TURNER FILE CUTTING MACHINE.

Patented Aug. 10, 1897.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet J. TURNER.

- FILE CUTTING MACHINE.

No. 587,885. Patented Aug. 10,1897.

witmooeo a nventoz fE MM c aflomwgo UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

1 JAMES TURNER, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE KEARNEY & FOOTCOMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FILE-VCUTTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 587,885, dated August10, 1897.

Application filed April 13, 1896. Serial No. 587,407. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES TURNER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in File-CuttingMachines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for cutting files, rasps, &c.; and myinvention consists in certain improvements in such machines especiallyadapted for cutting round files and for cutting two round filessimultaneously, but some of which improvements are adapted for cuttingfiles of a different character, which improvements are fully set forthhereinafter and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure l is a side elevation of my improved machine as constructed forcutting two round files simultaneously. Fig. 2 is aplan View of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is a front elevation of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectionalelevation of the cutter and anvil and its adjuncts. 5 is a transversesection of Fig. at.

The frame A of the machine is suitably constructed to support thebearings of the main driving-shaft 1, which through the medium of theusual cam lifts the holder or stock 3,which supports the cutter 2, a gumspring 4: throw- 0 ing down the cutter as usual in this class ofmachines. The frame also has supports for a sliding carriage B, whichcarries the blanks to be out. As shown, there is a screw 5, turning inbearings in a bracket 6, connected to 5 5 the frame and occupying inthis instance an inclined position, and on the said screw travels thecarriage B, which is provided with a half-nut 7, pivoted to a pin 8, sothat it may be swung outward to release it from engage- *"""rio mentwith the screw when the carriage may be moved upon the screw.

Where a round 'file or files must be cut, rotatable file-holders C aresupported by the carriage B. As shown, there are two socketpieces 10 10,each of which swings upon trunnions 12 and through which pass thecylindrical portions of the tool-holders O, and at the rear end of eachtool-holder is a pinion 13, which engages with a cog-wheel 1a on adriving-shaft 15, sliding and turning in bearings upon the frame andalso sliding in but turning with a worm-wheel 16, which engages a worm17 upon a shaft 18, turning in the bearings of the bracket 6 andprovided with a pulley 19, from which a belt 20 passes to a pulley 21 onthe shaft 1. By this means as the carriage B moves forwardeachtool-holder O is rotated to present different portions of the roundfile-blank cc to the action of the cutter 2.

By pivoting the socket-pieces 10 upon trunnions, as described, a certainamout of vertical play is allowed to the blanks, as is necessary inconsequence of the varying thickness of the file-blanks, and it alsofacilitates the removal of the blanks from the holders when the anvil iscarried down, as described hereinafter. This pivotal connection of theblank-holder with the carriage may also be used where fiat files are cutand where the holders do not revolve. The screw 5 is revolved by therotation of a worm-wheel 21, driven by a worm 22 upon a shaft 20, whichis driven from the shaft 1 through the medium of pulleys 23 24 and abelt 26. g In some casesas, for instance, in cutting round filesit isdesirable to have finer teeth, or have the cuts closer together,

at the point of the file, and the distance between the cuts graduallyincreased until the maximum diameter of the file is reached, after whichthe cuts should be uniformly spaced.

In order to do this automatically, I provide means whereby the carriageB at the beginning of operations is not moved forward as rapidly aswould result from the normal action of the screw 5, the interferencewith this action, however, being gradually reduced until the cutterbegins to operate upon the maximum diameter of the blank, after which 0the screw will act normally to move the carriage. Differentmeans may beusedto secure this result. As shown, I mount the screw 5 in the bearingsin the bracket 6 and in the hub of the worm-wheel 21, so that the screwwhile turning at all times with the wheel may have a limitedlongitudinal movement therein, and I provide devices whereby the screwis carried back in the direction of the arrow as the carriage B startsforward to feed the blanks toward the cutter, the forward motionexceeding the extent of the backward motion, and thelatter graduallydiminishing until the maximum diameter of the blank is beneath thecutter. One means of securing this result consists of a lever D, pivotedat y to the bracket and having a forked end with slots for receivingpins 28, projecting from a sleeve 29, arranged between collars 3O 30upon the screw-shaft 5, so that the rocking of the lever D will serve toimpart a longitudinal movement to the shaft 5 without interfering withits rotation. At the upper end of the lever is a forwardly-projectingarm 31, having an under inclined face, which bears upon a roller-bearing32 upon one of the trunnions of one of the holders 10, or there maybetwo such levers D, as best shown in the plan view, Fig. 2.

The weight. of the carriage B and its adj uncts tends to cause the sameto move toward the left and therefore swing the upper end of the lever Dto the right and keep it in contact with the bearing 32. When,therefore, the shaft 5 is rotated to move the carriage B forward, thebearing is gradually carried below the inclined edge of the arm 31 ofthe leverD, so that this forward end gradually descends, the lower endofthe lever, therefore, moving back and carrying with it the shaft 5, sothat although the carriage B is moved forward by the rotation of thesaid shaft there is a counteraction in the movement of the lever D,carrying the screw-shaft backward, and as a result the carriage and itsblank does not at the beginning of operations move forward to the fullextent resulting from the rotation of the screw-shaft, but as thebearing 32 gradually passes beneath the arm 31 the movement of the lowerend of the lever D backward gradually diminishes until by the time thethicker portion of the file-blank is beneath the cutter the bearing 32passes from contact with the arm 31, when the carriage B will be movedforward according to the inclination of the screw and the movementthereafter will be uniform.

It will be evident thata like movement may be imparted to the carriageif the latter supports the holders of flat or half-round or other fileswhich are not rotated, the same result as secures the closer cutting ofthe points being secured. In order to increase the capacity of themachines, I prefer to make use of two holders for carrying two blanks,as shown. One objection to attempts to out two blanks simultaneouslyheretofore has been the fact that sometimes one blank is a littlethicker than the other or is supported so as to project above the other,in which case one of the blanks is apt to receive a deeper out than theother. In order to avoid such results, I make use of a cutter which willswing upon the holder or stem to such an extent as to operate uniformlyupon both of the blanks. The cutter may be secured to the holder in anysuitable manner to secure this. result. As

shown, the cutter 2 is a flat blade with a proper beveled lower edge andextends into a slot in the holder wherein there is a single bearingpointw at about the center of the cutter at the opposite .edge, so that asthe cutter is brought against the file-blanks it will take an equalbearing upon the two and out each to the same extent as the other. Thecutter is preferably held frictionally in its place in the holder bymeans of a set-screw 30, which while it prevents the cutter from movingunder ordinary circumstances will not interfere with its tilting if oneof the blanks should be slightly thicker than the other or at a greaterelevation. As the cutter extends into a slot '0 open at both sides, thesaid cutter may be adjusted laterally, so that if it Wears at one pointit may be brought to a position to bring different parts of the edgeinto operation, thereby avoiding the necessity of replacing the cuttersfrequently.

a To still further accommodate the machines to operations at one timeupon two files, I make use of a rocking anvil 31, consisting of a bladesupported by a holder. E and having a curved socket or notch at thelower edge for a cross-pin 32 of the holder, which permits the anvil torock to a limited extent to accommodate itself to the position of thefileblanks resting thereon.

The anvil is not held rigidly in place, but the holder E is at the upperend of a rod 33, which slides in brackets 34 upon the frame and isconnected at the lower end with a lever' 35, having a Weight 36 at itsrear end,whi'ch tends to lift the anvil, and having a foot-piece 37 atthe front end, so thatby placing the foot on the piece 37 the anvil maybe depressed to permit the insertion or removal of the blanks.

In order to regulate the efiect of the cutter, I make use of avertically-movable footpiece 39, which bears upon the blanks just backof the cutter, and by adjusting this to different positions I regulatethe depth of the cut, as by setting the blank farther down the efiect ofthe cutter is reduced. As shown, the foot-piece 39 is a part of a leverI, pivoted at f to the overhanging part of the frame A, and this leveris provided with an adjustingscrew 40, by which the angle may be'alteredso as to depress the foot-piece 39 more or less. Any other suitable modeof adjustment may be adopted.

When the blanks pass under the stationary.

foot-piece, which is behind the cutter, if one blank is larger indiameter than the other the anvil will adapt itself to the inequality,so;

that the cutter does not always have to move on its center.

While I have shown my improvements in connection with means forsupporting and turning two round file-blanks, it will be evident thatthey may be used in connection with a single file-holder and in someinstances in connection with holders for flat or halfround blanks.

lVithout limiting myself to the precise construction and arrangement ofparts shown and described, I claim as my invention 1. The combination ina machine for cutting files or rasps, of a reciprocating cutter, acarriage, a screw for moving the carriage forward, and means whereby thescrew is permitted to move backward with a diminishing action at thebeginning of operations, substantially as described.

2. The combination in a machine for cutting files or rasps, of areciprocating cutter, a carriage, devices for feeding the carriageforward, and means whereby the said devices are permitted to have anindependent backward movement at the beginning of operations,substantially as shown and for the purpose described. A

3. The combination in a machine for cutting files, 6170., of areciprocating cutter, an inclined screw and means for rotating the same,a carriage engaging said screw, a lever pivoted to a stationary part ofthe frame and having bearings upon the screw, and with an inclined endbearing upon the carriage, substantially as set forth. I

4. The combination with the reciprocating cutter and carriage, ofpivoted supports 10, holders 0 turning in said supports, and means forturning the holders in the supports, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination with the carriage B, pivoted supports 10, holders 0turning therein, shaft and means for rotating the same, and gearsbetween the shaft 15 and the holders C, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination in a machine for cutting files, &c., ofareciprocating cutter-holder 3, a cutter consisting of a blade 2, abearing for the upper edge of the cutter, and means for securing thecutter frictionally in the holder, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination in a machine for cutting files, &c., of supports fortwo parallel file-blanks, and means for feeding the same, areciprocating cutter-holder, and a cutter secured in said holder andhaving a single bearing-point w, substantially as and -for the purposeset forth.

8. The combination in a machine for cutting files, &c., of areciprocating holder and cutter, and an anvil consisting of a blade 31,and a slotted holder therefor having a single bearing-point for the saidanvil upon which the same may rock in the slot, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

9. The combination of the anvil-holder E, the anvil 31 having a singlebearing-point so as to rock in said holder and a counter- JAMES TURNER.

Witnesses J AMES D. Foor, CHARLES E. WATTS.

